Marine species guide
Moray eel
Morays are elongated reef predators that peek from holes. Learn patterns that separate Mediterranean and tropical species, and why open-mouth breathing is not a threat display.
Identification features
Thick body, continuous dorsal fin, and a pointed head with sharp teeth. Mediterranean moray (Muraena helena) shows mottled yellow-brown patterning; tropical species add greens, blacks and speckles.
- Hole-dwelling elongated body
- Mouthing to breathe
- Sharp teeth, no external pectoral fins
- Mottled or patterned skin
Habitat and behaviour
They open and close the mouth to breathe over the gills—often mistaken for aggression. True defensive bites usually follow provocation or hand-feeding.
Where and when to see them
Distinguish from garden eels (colonies in sand) and snake eels.
Dive tips
Distinguish from garden eels (colonies in sand) and snake eels.
Frequently asked questions
How do I confirm the ID?
Combine visible traits with location and depth, then compare photos in Scuba Steve’s fish identification app and regional guides.
Should I touch it?
No. Maintain neutral buoyancy and a respectful distance for safety and animal welfare.
Where can I learn more?
See related dive-site guides on Scuba Steve and ask local operators about recent conditions.